# Vitamin B5 (Pantothenic Acid)

> Vitamin B5, also known as pantothenic acid, is essential for human health, playing a central role in energy metabolism by aiding in the breakdown of carboh

*Source: [https://www.health3.app/biomarkers/vitaminb5p](https://www.health3.app/biomarkers/vitaminb5p)*

### On This Page

- What it measures
- Measurement units
- Reference ranges
- Health impact
- Related biomarkers
- Scientific references

## What is Vitamin B5 (Pantothenic Acid)?

Vitamin B5, also known as pantothenic acid, is essential for human health, playing a central role in energy metabolism by aiding in the breakdown of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats for energy. It is also involved in the synthesis of coenzyme A (CoA), crucial for fatty acid metabolism, and the production of red blood cells and steroid hormones. Vitamin B5 is necessary for maintaining healthy skin, hair, and eyes, and it helps in proper functioning of the nervous system and liver. As a water-soluble vitamin, it needs to be regularly consumed in the diet, as the body does not store it in large quantities.

**Deficiency of vitamin B5** is extremely rare due to its widespread availability in various foods. When it does occur, it can lead to symptoms like fatigue, irritability, numbness and burning pain in the hands and feet, and sleep disturbances. Severe deficiency can result in a condition known as ""burning feet syndrome"" or acrodynia, characterized by a sensation of burning and pain in the feet. Other symptoms of deficiency may include gastrointestinal disturbances, depression, and increased susceptibility to infections due to impaired antibody production. **Excessive alcohol impairs the absorption and metabolism of many nutrients, including vitamin B5, while high levels of caffeine might lead to increased excretion of the vitamin. A balanced intake of other B vitamins is also beneficial, as they work synergistically.**

**Toxicity from vitamin B5** is very uncommon as any excess is excreted in urine. There are no well-documented cases of harmful effects from high intake of pantothenic acid from food or supplements. However, extremely high doses might cause mild gastrointestinal distress or diarrhea. For most people, sufficient vitamin B5 intake is easily achieved through a balanced diet that includes whole grains, eggs, meat, legumes, and vegetables. Supplementation is rarely needed except in specific medical conditions, and should be undertaken under medical supervision.

**Factors that support healthy Vitamin B5 levels**:

- A varied diet rich in vitamin B5 sources, including whole grains, eggs, meat, legumes, mushrooms, avocados, and broccoli, supports healthy levels.
- Several factors can affect vitamin B5 absorption and utilization, such as excessive alcohol consumption and high caffeine intake. Moderating intake of these substances may help if necessary.
- A balanced intake of other B vitamins is beneficial, as they work synergistically with vitamin B5. A B-complex supplement may be considered by those at risk of deficiency.

## Measurement Units

Vitamin B5 (Pantothenic Acid) can be measured in: mg/100mL, mg/dL, mg/L, mg%, µg/L, µg/mL, µmol/L

## Reference Ranges by Age and Gender

Reference ranges represent typical values for healthy individuals. Your healthcare provider must interpret your specific results.

| Age Range | Gender | Unit | Optimal | Normal | Source |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| All ages | All genders | µg/L | - | 344 - 583 | Burnham, 2023 |

## Related Biomarkers

- [**Vitamin B7 (Biotin)**](https://www.health3.app/biomarkers/vitaminb7b)

 Biotin and pantothenic acid can compete for absorption in the intestines[Said, 1998]. High levels of one can potentially interfere with the absorption of the other, highlighting the need for a balanced intake of both vitamins to ensure optimal health.

## Related tools

- [**Blood Test Unit Converter**](https://www.health3.app/tools/blood-test-unit-converter)

## Academic References

1. Burnham C.-A. D., Chiu R. W. K., Rifai N., Wittwer C., and Young I.. Tietz Textbook of Laboratory Medicine (2023). *Tietz Textbook of Laboratory Medicine*.
2. Marquez D, Pouteau E, Scholey A, Tardy A-L, and Yilmaz C. Vitamins and Minerals for Energy Fatigue and Cognition: A Narrative Review of the Biochemical and Clinical Evidence (2020). *Nutrients*. [DOI: 10.3390/nu12010228](https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12010228)
3. Dyer D, McCloud E, Moyer MP, Ortiz A, Rubin S, and Said HM. Biotin uptake by human colonic epithelial NCM460 cells: a carrier-mediated process shared with pantothenic acid (1998). *Am J Physiol*. [DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.1998.275.5.C1365](https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.1998.275.5.C1365)
4. Altemus M and Barchas JD. Acetylcholine Mechanisms Have Been Implicated in Mood Disorders (1999). *Basic Neurochemistry: Molecular, Cellular and Medical Aspects. 6th edition.*. [View Source](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK28139/)

### ⚠️ Important Medical Information

This reference page is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Reference ranges vary between laboratories. Always review your lab results with a qualified healthcare provider.